Drum and Bell: The Role of Ekpe in Shaping Efik Christianity

Introduction & Background When one speaks of Old Calabar in the 19th century, images of palm oil wealth, bustling markets, and trading ships anchored along the Cross River come to mind. But beneath this economic dynamism lay a society deeply rooted in tradition, where law, order, and spirituality were enforced not by kings alone, but … Read more

The Cultural Brotherhood between Efik and Ejagham Clans: A Reflection of Shared Heritage

Introduction The history of African peoples is often told through their cultures, oral traditions, folklores, and the subtle ways communities borrow from one another while still retaining unique identities. Among the many fascinating cultural intersections in West and Central Africa, the relationship between the Efik people of Cross River State, Nigeria, and the Ejagham clans, … Read more

The Role of the Niger Delta in Nigeria’s Pre-Colonial Trade Networks

The Niger Delta, one of Nigeria’s most vital and historically significant regions, has long been an essential part of West Africa’s trade and economic systems. Spanning several states in southern Nigeria, including Rivers, Bayelsa, Delta, and Akwa Ibom, the Niger Delta has been a central point of interaction between African kingdoms and international traders for … Read more